Oyster (kaki)

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Oyster, Auster (kaki)

***** Location: Japan, other areas
***** Season: All Winter
***** Category: Animal

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Explanation

Oysters are quite a delicacy here in Japan! There are quite a few kigo with this animal and its food versions. Some come in other seasons than winter.

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kigo for late autumn

first oysters of the season, hatsugaki, hatsu kaki, 初牡蠣
This is a special treat for all oyster lovers in Japan. Eaten raw out of the shell, with a bit of lime juice sprinkled on it ... well, mjami !

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http://www.dereila.ca/dereilaimages/Marine.html


....................... Oyster kigo for all winter

oyster, oysters, 牡蠣
..... Crassostrea gigas, Japanese Oyster, Giant Pacific Oyster
real oysters, magaki 真牡蠣, オイスター
"flowers of the rocks" kaki　岩花
oyster shells, kakigara 牡蠣殻

collecting oysters, kakitori 牡蠣採
cracking oysters open, hitting oysters, kaki uchi 牡蠣打
breaking oysters open, kakiwarru　牡蠣割る
peeling out the oysters, kaki muku　牡蠣むく

women who break the oysters, kakiwari me　牡蠣割女

Famous areas for Japanese oysters
"oyster field", famous oyster farms of Hiroshima, kakita　牡蠣田
long oysters from Northern Japan, nagagaki　長牡蠣
from Hokkaido, Ezogaki　蝦夷牡蠣
Itabogaki、イタボガキ,　いたぼがき板甫牡蠣

from Kyushu, Ariake Sea, Sumi-no-E gaki　住之江牡蠣　住江牡蠣
..... Crassostrea ariakensis, Asian Oyster suminoekaki


Japanese food with the oysters
boiled rice with oysterss, kakimeshi 牡蠣飯
rice gruel with oysters, kaki zoosui　牡蠣雑炊
oysters marinated in vinegar, sugaki 酢牡蠣
fried on the beach, doteyaki　どて焼
deep fried oysters, kaki furai 牡蠣フライ


Click HERE to see photos of the Giant Oyster 　　　　

Click HERE to see photos of the real oyster, magaki 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

Click HERE to see photos of rice with oysters

Click HERE to see photos of fried oysters



Click for enlargement of oyster dishes !



. WASHOKU
Seafood in Winter

. WASHOKU
watarikaki 渡利牡蠣（わたりかき）Oysters from the Kihoku　紀北町
Bred in a seawater / sweetwater lake.
Mie prefecture


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Eastern Oyster (Crassostrea virginica)

What is an oyster?
An oyster is a shellfish with 2 rough white shells that hook together at one end. The oyster has strong muscles which hold the shell shut. It is very difficult for predators (like people) to pry the shell open. An Eastern oyster is usually 2 to 6 inches long. The inside of the shell has a purple mark where the oyster was attached. The shell is sharp and can cut you!

How do oysters eat?
Oysters are filter-feeders. They suck in water and filter out the plankton and detritus to swallow. Then they spit the water back out. (Detritus is dead plant and animal matter.) They also accidentally filter out and collect any poisons that might be in the water. This cleans the water, but is not so good for the oysters. Because these poisons are more likely to be in coastal waters in the summer months, it is usually not safe to eat oysters in the summer time. Oysters have gills and get their oxygen from the water.

What about pearls?
The oyster’s mantle (skin) makes both an outer white crusty shell, and a smooth inner shell. The smooth inner part is called "nacre" or "Mother of Pearl." Sometimes a bit of sand gets inside the oyster’s shell. This is very irritating to the oyster, like getting an eyelash in your eye. So the oyster covers this bit of dirt with shiny smooth Mother of Pearl. It keeps covering the dirt and rolling it around until it doesn’t cause any more irritation. This makes a pearl.
The oysters that people eat in north Florida (Eastern oysters) hardly ever make pretty pearls. But there are other kinds of oysters, clams, mussels, conchs, whelks, and even abalone that do make nice pearls. We think of pearls as being round and white, but they are often yellow or black, and many other colors and shapes.
http://pelotes.jea.com/eastern.htm

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Worldwide use

Chesapeake Bay, USA

American oyster (Crassostrea virginica)
The American Oyster, also called the Eastern Oyster and Virginia Oyster, is native to the East Coast of the United States. The Chesapeake Oyster is a subspecies of the American Oyster. It is a hard shellfish, typically 2 - 6 inches in length, growing about one inch a year. It is a filter feeder and peforms an important ecological function in cleaning the Chesapeake Bay.

The oysters have been all but wiped out by pollution, disease, and overharvesting. Skipjacks are no longer economically viable and there is talk of declaring the Chesapeake oyster an endangered species.
Chesapeake Bay Saijiki : Winter

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Things found on the way

Grandfather Oyster and Shigebo
カキじいさんとしげぼう



On the English translation of this book "Grandfather Oyster and Shigebo"
HATAKEYAMA Shigeatsu
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
I am an oyster farmer on Kesennuma Bay ln northern Japan.

Oysterfarms, no matter where in the world they are,are always located in brackish areas near rivermouths.

This is because forests are closely linked with the development of phytoplankton, which is eaten by the oysters. Dr.MATSUNAGA Katsuhiko, a Japanese researcher, discovered that phytoplankton will not increase in the absence of the fulvic-acid Fe that is produced within the forest humus.

However, people live in the areas along the river.This is the cause of many things that interfere with biological development-weirs , dams, domestic and industrial waste water, pesticides, destruction of the forests, and so on.

Thirty years ago, Kesennuma Bay was in a moribund state, ruined by redtide. Wishing to restore the polluted sea to its original blue state, "The Sea is longing for the Forest" movement was started in 1989. Fishermen planted trees such as beech and oak in the mountains, and invited children living along the river to visit the sea, providing environmental education to them.

After twenty years, the river feeding into Kesennuma Bay has the most salmon climbing it of all the rivers in the area, and the sea has returned to its original blue color. This is the result of people all along the river understanding that the forests and the sea form a slngle system. Currently,every prefecture in Japan with a coastline has fishermen conducting reforestation.

Kaki-no-Mori-BOOKS （Mizuyama oyster Farm）
source : mizuyama-oyster-farm


. Japan after the BIG earthquake March 11, 2011　.


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Published Research on the Asian Oyster, Crassostrea ariakensis


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Suminoe at the mouth of river Rokkaku in the Ariake Sea
佐賀県有明（ありあけ）海湾奥部、六角（ろっかく）川河口


This is Suminoe at Osaka Bay:

住の江の岸による波よるさへや
夢の通ひ路人目よくらむ

Sumi no e no Kishi ni yoru nami Yoru sae ya
Yume no kayoi ji Hito me yoku ran

The waves are gathered
On the shore of Sumi Bay,
And in the gathered night,
When in dreams I go to you,
I hide from people's eyes.

18 - Fujiwara no Toshiyuki 藤原敏行朝臣
Tr. Virginia University Team


Like waves reaching Suminoe River,
He doesn't come to see me, even in a dream at night.
Tr. ヒデヨナ

. Ogura Hyakunin Isshu Poems 小倉百人一首 .



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HAIKU

初牡蠣やお国訛りの隣客
hatsugaki ya okuni narmai no tonarikyaku

first oysters of the season !
the guest next to me
speaks his home dialect
(Tr. Gabi Greve)

ソセイ
http://members.jcom.home.ne.jp/yanma46/14401.html

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oyster barbecue
a mother of six watches
the pile of shells

Jane Reichhold
A Dictionary of Haiku
Jane places the oysters as a kigo for spring. There are no reasons given for this deviation from the traditional Japanese placement and no special area she might be referring to.

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oysters in my bed
boats above me
watch out, the dredge!

~Amora Johnson, US
Chesapeake Bay Saijiki : Winter

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牡蠣船にもちこむわかればなしかな
kakibune ni mochikomu wakarebanashi kana

talk of separation -
brought all the way to the
oyster ship
(Tr. Gabi Greve)

久保田万太郎 Kubota Mantaroo


あたらしき声出すための酢牡蠣かな
能村登四郎

もろもろのしがらみ付けて太る牡蛎
中嶋秀子

占領地区の牡蠣を将軍に奉る
西東三鬼

友死すや啜りて牡蠣のうすき肉
小澤實

Quoted from the Gendai Haiku Database　現代俳句データベース 　　　　　　　　　　


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collecting oysters
in his childhood
was a hobby-

he remembers
the past while on a visit
to the same sea beach

Aju Mukhopadhyay, India, 2006

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oysters after concert --
the whole choir vomits
in the plane

Tomislav Maretic, Croatia, 2006

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fresh oysters ...
she coats her tongue
with cheese

Ella Wagemakers

.. .. ..

I can't let this one by. Not when I crew on board a Chesapeake oyster boat!
The proper way to eat an oyster is with hot sauce right out of the shell.

"Hard-alee!"
On his knees culling oysters
he doesn't have to duck.

M. Kei, USA
Chesapeake Bay Saijiki

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Related words

***** Pearls, Mother of Pearl (shinju　真珠)
Non-seasonal haiku topic
In Japan, a pearl neclace is the only jewellery allowed for a funeral ceremony.

Pearl Museum, Ise Shima, Japan


MOTHER-OF-PEARL or nacre
the iridescent substance that forms the lining of the shells of some fresh-water and some salt-water mollusks. Like the pearl it is a secretion of the mantle, composed of alternate layers of calcium carbonate and conchiolin.
Among the chief sources are the pearl oyster, found in warm and tropical seas, chiefly in Asia; freshwater pearl mussels, which live in many rivers of the United States, Europe, and Asia; and the abalone of California, Japan, and other Pacific regions.
http://www.encyclopedia.com/html/m/motherpe.asp


Click HERE to see some Pearl Jewellery


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WASHOKU : FISH and SEAFOOD SAIJIKI


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Owl (fukuroo)

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Qwl (fukuro, fukuroo, fukurō)

***** Location: Japan, other areas
***** Season: All Winter
***** Category: Animal

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Explanation


Bizen Statue by Takagaki Mondo　高垣門土

Owls are best observed in winter, when the leaves are gone and the nights are lone. Their mating season is in mid-winter, so they can also be heared more often at this time. A good place for owls is Hokkaido.

owl, ural owl fukuroo　梟
snow owl, shirofukuroo, 白梟

horned owls, mimizuku 木菟, ミミズク , zuku 菟
gorosuke 五郎助（ごろすけ）
torafuzuku 虎斑木菟（とらふずく）long-eared owl
komimizuku 小木菟（こみみずく）small owl
washi mimizuku 鷲木菟（わしみみずく） "eagle owl"

collared scops owl、ookonohazuku 大木葉菟
..... (Otus bakkamoena)

hahakuidori 母食鳥（ははくいどり）"bird that eats its mother"

fukuroo naku 梟鳴く（ふくろうなく）owl is howling

shimafukuroo しまふくろう "striped owl"
Blakiston's fish-owl . Ketupa blakistoni

shirofukuroo しろふくろう "white owl"
snowy owl, Nyctea scandiaca, Bubo scandiacus



Buddhabird owl, konohazuku
木の葉菟 (コノハズク) Otus scops japonicus
.... see Buddhabird (buppoosoo)

The owl in Japan is an auspicious animal, because of its name, pronounced fukuroo. Read as fu kuroo 不苦労, it means "no hardships, no trouble". Therefore, little things with an owl are very popular in Japan.

Mother (o-fukuro お袋) and haiku


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observance kigo for mid-summer

. fukuro no atsumono 梟の羹 (ふくろうのあつもの)
"hot soup with owl meat" 　



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Worldwide use

Canada


snowy owl = harfeng des neiges

Snowy owls are found all over Canada in the winter time. They are extremely beautiful owls, all white with black patches, so that are well camouflaged in our forests in winter.


snowy owl
stares at the moon
image of her eyes

harfeng des neiges
qui fixe la lune
image de ses yeux


Richard Vallance 2008


CANADA SAIJIKI


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Germany

Eule, Uhu.

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Florida, USA

. Snowy owl 　　

topic for haiku from Florida



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Things found on the way

Snowy Owl on Driftwood
by ROBERT BATEMAN



© Artline.com
http://www.artline.vaxxine.com/nature/bateman/snowyowlondriftwood.htm

ooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo

NATIONAL WILDLIFE MAGAZINE



Kim Steininger
Chadds Ford, Pennsylvania

"I took this picture right before I ducked," says Steininger. On a bird-watching trip in Ontario, Canada, last winter, the network administrator noticed that one of the great gray owls she was photographing was staring back at her. "I didn’t think anything of it until it started flying at me," she says. Before getting out of the way, Steininger captured this digital photo with a 500mm telephoto lens.

Look at a great page with amazing nature photos, January 2006
http://www.nwf.org/nationalwildlife/printerFriendly.cfm?issueID=79&articleID=1158


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susuki mimizuku すすきみみずく　
horned owls made from susuki grass

amulet for getting pregnant (with a large tummy like these stuffed owls)

Susuki grass pas plenty in Edo and this little toy and amulet was quite popular, especially in temples dedicated to . Kishibojin 鬼子母神 . and her temple in Ikebukuro. Now there is even a group to keep up the tradition of making them, sponsored by the head priest. They have to go as far as Saitama to get the proper grass ears. The ears and bill are made from wood.

Legend knows this:
Once there was a poor mother and daughter living in Edo. The mother got ill and the daughter went to the temple of Kishibojin for 100 days to pray for her recovery. On the last day the daughter had a dream:
"Go out, get some susuki grass, make some owls from it and sell it to become rich."
So she did and soon she had enough money to buy medicine for her ill mother.



. Amulets and Talismans from Japan .　



source : national diet library
artist unknown

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HAIKU

Dusk -
silently a snow owl
changes trees.

Deepening dusk -
an owl adds its voice
to the campfire song.

(1st place in the Shiki Double Kukai, February, 2004,
6th place in the 2004 Shiki Annual Double kukai)

Early night -
the great horned owls
hoot their off-key duets.

This cold night,
through the grave yard echoes
an owl's "whooo". . .

Zhanna P. Rader

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On my walk yesterday …. It was Late evening- saw a pair of owls … sitting on a low branch hooting away to glory!
I stopped to look and surprisingly one flew away, the other bent down to look at me!

night chill . . .
awake with me
the owl’s hoot

snow owl . . .
her resonant call rips
across the twilight

Kala Ramesh, India


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two owls
on the same old branch -
good couple's day

Gabi Greve, January 2007


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Related words

***** Buddhabird (buppoosoo)
"Owl in green leaves" konohazuku 木の葉木莵 , 小葉木菟
..... aobazuku　青葉木莵
kigo for all summer



***** Mother (o-fukuro) Japan


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Toshi Yoshida (1911-1995)


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Because of a pun with the name, the FUKU brings good luck to people.
There is also a pun with

fu kuroo 不苦労　no hardships, no worries

chiebukuro　知恵袋 a wise person - chie no fukuro

. Amulets and Toys with the FUKU　福 owl .


. WKD . BIRD SAIJIKI


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Cyclamen

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Cyclamen (shikuramen)

***** Location: Japan
***** Season: Late Spring
***** Category: Plant

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Explanation


shikuramen シクラメン Cyclamen
..... kagaribisoo 篝火草（かがりびそう）"bonfire flower"
kagaribi is a fire used outside to make a place light in the night.

Cyclamen persicum Mill.





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Cyclamen is a genus of 23 species of flowering plants, traditionally classified in the family Primulaceae, but in recent years reclassified in the family Myrsinaceae (Kallersjo et al. 2000). The genus is most widely known by its scientific name Cyclamen being taken into common usage; other names occasionally used include sowbread and sometimes, confusingly, Persian violet (it is not related to the violets), or primrose (neither is it a primrose).
©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !


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Worldwide use

Alpenveilchen, Zyklamen

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Europe
topic for haiku


Beautiful Autumn Blooms and Foliage
Hardy cyclamen look like the florist cyclamen except they have much smaller blooms. From August to October hardy cyclamen have brilliant blooms, pink to white ranging from 3 to 6 inches tall. They display very handsome attractive foliage that lasts from winter through spring. Learn more about autumn blooming hardy cyclamen, "Blooms and Foliage".

The tuber is round or disk-shaped and derived from the hypocotyl. In most species, leaves come up in autumn and die in spring, and the plant goes dormant through the dry Mediterranean summer.
There are species blooming any month of the year,
but most in autumn or spring.
http://www.hardycyclamens.com/


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Things found on the way


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HAIKU

性格が八百屋お七でシクラメン　　
seikaku ga yaoya oshichi de shikuramen

the personality is like
Yaoya O-Shichi ...
cyclamen

京極杞陽 Kyogoku Kiyo (Kyoogoku)
(1908 - 1981)


Yaoya O-Shichi, a story of red hot love
and a fire in Edo


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広告の中の家族やシクラメン
kookoku no naka no kazoku ya shikuramen

a family
in the commercial—
cyclamen
Tr. Fay Aoyagi

Murakoshi Atsushi 村越敦


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Related words

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Nozaki Pilgrimage

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Nozaki Pilgrimage (Nozaki mairi)

***** Location: Japan
***** Season: Spring
***** Category: Observance

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Explanation

Nozaki Mairi　野崎参り、野崎まいり、野崎参

Festival at Daitoo Town (close to Osaka, on the way to Nara) at the temple Jigen-Ji 慈眼寺, also called Kannon Temple at Nozaki, Nozaki Kannon　野崎観音.

Another kigo refers to the small boat, which was used during the Edo period to reach this temple
Nozakibune 野崎船.

The temple belongs to the Sootoo-Sect (Soto) of Zen and this festival is held every year from the first to the 10th of May. (It is a kigo of spring according to the lunar calendar, when the festival was held in April.)

The temple is quite famous and this festival has been the stage of novels and even appears in Joruri (Japanese puppet play) in the tragical suicide story of O-Some and Hisamatsu
and in Rakugo (traditional comic storytelling).

The most important statue of this tempel is a Kannon with 11 heads.
During the festival days, thousands of worshippers attend and the stalls and vending stores are full of people. Some walk along the river whilst talking bad about their fellow human friends, a custom of this festival, which is also called the "Badmouthing Festival" warukuchi matsuri　悪口祭り.

At the temple a memorial service is held to express thanks to all things you are linked to in this world, wheather you know of them or not, Muen-Kyoo Hooyoo　無縁経法要.

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Here is a map of the temple compounds. Click on any building to see the photo.
http://www.nozakikannon.or.jp/nozaki/ni.htm


Look at this page with more photos and explanations in English


http://www.kulawanka.ne.jp/Kulawanka/shuzai/961201/indexe.html

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Nozaki Kannon, a place for pilgrims



An Indian monk who came to Japan around 750 told the Japanese monk Gyooki (Gyoki) that the area around Nozaki looked very much like the Deer Park near Benares, where Shakyamuni Buddha held his first sermon.
When Gyooki heared this, he made a statue of Kannon Bosatsu with eleven heads from a with birch tree, which is the object of our veneration today.

野崎観音は、福聚山慈眼寺といい曹洞宗のお寺です。天平勝宝年間（７４９年～７５７年）来朝した婆羅門僧正(インド僧）が「野崎の地は釈迦が初めて仏法を説いた鹿野苑(ハラナ)に良く似ている」と行基菩薩に申されました。それを聞いた行基は、白樺で観音様のお姿（十一面観音）を彫みこの地に安置されましたのがこのお寺のはじまりです。慈眼寺「光割牒」に、「観音像は行基菩薩の手彫りなり、長谷（奈良県）の観音像と同木也」と書かれています。 　幾多の戦乱のため荒れはて、１５６５年（永禄８年）三好・松永の兵によって全焼し、本尊の観音様だけが残りました。長い間、小さいお堂のままでおまつりしてありましたが、元和２年（１６１６年）青厳和尚がこのお寺を復興され、元禄宝永ごろにのざきまいりが盛んになると共に、お寺も栄え、現在に到っています。 　奈良県長谷寺、京都市地蔵院とゆかりが深く特に本尊は上にも述べたように長谷寺と同木と伝えられています。 ご利益は、開運招運・厄除け・縁結び・安産・子授け。また近松門左衛門「女殺油地獄」・近松半二「新版歌祭文」・落語「のざきまいり」・東海林太郎「野崎小唄」などの作品の舞台となっています。 文化財としては、大東市有形文化財「石造九（八）重層塔」。涅槃絵図・本堂壁画「花蝶菩薩」など。「花蝶菩薩」は先代の住職、尾瀧一峰の思いを具現化したもので、花をモチーフにした天女が舞う鮮やかなモダンなものです。

There is also a stone with a haiku by Basho engraved in the temple precincts.



http://www.nozakikannon.or.jp/nozaki/all.htm

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Rakugo

The whole text with music
【主な登場人物】　喜ぃ公　　清ぇやん　　船頭　　土手を行く人たち

■こぉらまた、大勢の人やなぁ、おいどぉや、こっち出てこい。しっかり歩けよ ●「しっかり歩け」やけど、大勢の人やないかいな。船場辺の旦那衆、お家(いえ)さんやとか、ぼんちやみな、ぞろぞろ歩いたはるかと思たらやで、また芸妓衆や舞妓衆連れて、あないして遊びに出たはる人もおるしやで、われわれみたいに何やで、職人がまたウロウロしてるちゅな、いろいろ種々雑多な人たちですねぇ。

http://homepage3.nifty.com/rakugo/kamigata/rakug124.htm


"Yakko no kenka" appears to be the prototype for the Osaka rakugo story "Nozaki mairi," about an argument at Osaka’s Nozaki Shrine (where, it is said, winning an argument brings good luck).
http://japanecho.com/sum/2004/310217.html

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Worldwide use


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Things found on the way

More details about Gyoki Bosatsu Gyooki 行基菩薩 and other kigo for him.

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A manhole with the story of the Nozaki Pilgrimage

"大東市のマンホール（野崎参り）"

More details of the manhole are here
大東市は、昔でいうと河内の国に属していて、「野崎まいりは屋形船でまいろう」と歌にまで歌われた野崎観音があり近郷の人々がこぞって参詣したそうです。その当時の様子が描かれたマンホールであり、なかなか風情のあるものです。
http://ms5y.web.infoseek.co.jp/photolog/archives/000006.html

................................ A little detour
Manholes with Daruma by Gabi Greve

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HAIKU


source :　blog.kantanwc.com


春風やいさかひ上がる野崎船
harukaze ya isakahi agaru nozakibune

spring breeze -
fighting, badmouthing
on the Nozaki boat

Okamoto Shoohin 岡本松浜 Okamoto Shohin（1879-1939）
Saijiki for Buddhist Events 仏教歳時記

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野遊びを誘う野崎の花暦
noasobi o saou Nozaki no hanagoyomi

inviting us to play
in the open fields -
Festival at Nozaki

前内木耳
Saijiki for Buddhist Events 仏教歳時記


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Related words

***** Pilgrimages henro (Japan)


***** Gyooki Memorial Day, Gyooki-ki　行基忌　
Gyoki Bosatsu 行基菩薩


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Nirvana Ceremony Nehan

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Nirvana Ceremony (Nehan-E 涅槃会 ねはんえ )

***** Location:Japan
***** Season: Early Spring (Feb. 15)
***** Category: Observance

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Explanation

This is a Buddhist ceremony in memory of the passing away of Shakyamuni, the Buddha, traditionally on the full moon day of the second lunar month, nowadays on the 15th of February (seldom on the 15th of March) in many temples.

There are many more Japanese kigo for this event, I will list just a few more.
Shaka is a common abbreviation for Shakyamuni.

Shaka lying down, ne Shaka 寝釈迦
Nirvana Statue, nehanzoo涅槃像
Nirvana, nehan 涅槃, o-nehan お涅槃（おねはん）
Shaka nemuru, Shaka sleeping 釈迦眠る
..... neshaka ne Shaka 寝釈迦（ねしゃか）

Temple with a Nirvana Ceremony, nehandera 涅槃寺
Painting of a Nirvana Scene, nehanzu　涅槃図
Parting in February, nigatsu no wakare　二月の別れ
Parting of the Buddha, hotoke no wakare 仏の別れ
Buddha leaving, sarishi hotoke　去りし仏


Offering Rice Dumplings from the New Year offerings, mochibana-iri 餅花煎
dangomaki 団子撒き（だんごまき）"throwing dango dumplings"

Buddha's nose excrements, shaka no hana-kuso 釈迦の鼻糞
a thin horse, yase-uma 瘠せ馬

Buddha's Memorial day, bukki 仏忌

sendan no kemuri 栴檀の煙（せんだんのけむり）
smoke of fragrant chinaberry wood

tsuru no hayashi 鶴の林（つるのはやし）"forest with cranes"
kakurin no yowa 鶴林の夜半（かくりんのよわ）"wake of the cranes in the forest"

When Shakyamuni entered nirvana under the Bodhi tree, the tree withered and became white like a crane.

(Some of these kigo are hard to translate in a short English version.)

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observance kigo for mid-spring



yuikyoo gyoo-e 遺敎経会 (ゆいきょうぎょうえ)
last sermon memorial ceremony at temple
Daiho-onji in Kyoto 大報恩寺
This temple has a famous "Buddha hall" Senbon Shakadoo 千本釈迦堂 with 1000 statues.

senbon nenbutsu 千本念仏（せんぼんねんぶつ）
nembutsu ceremony for 1000 statues

kundoku e 訓読会（くんどくえ）"reading the last sutra"
yuikyoo e 遺敎会（ゆいきょうえ） "Legacy Teaching Sutra" memorial

This ceremony is held on the 22 day of the 3rd lunar month. Monks from the temple Chishaku-In 智積院 of Higashiyama are invited, the last scripture of Shaka, the "last preaching sutra, the Yuikyo, is read and Nenbutsu prayers are recited.

ものに恋ひさめぬ寝耳や遺教経
mono ni koi samenu nemimi ya yuikyoogyoo

clinging to things -
the final sermon of Buddha
is not for my ears

Matsuse Seisei 松瀬青々 (1869 - 1937)

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Statues and paintings of Shakyamuni on his death bed are not so common in Japan, but often seen in Thailand and Sri Lanka.


Pilgrims meditating and paying respects at the place of the Buddha's Parinirvana at the Nirvana Temple, Kushinara.
http://www.buddhanet.net/e-learning/buddhistworld/about-pilgrim.htm

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Buddha's Life and Pilgrimages to the Holy Places

The earliest centres of Buddhist pilgrimages were the places associated with the life and Teachings of the great Master. These four places are Lumbini, Bodh Gaya, Sarnath and Kusinara. Lumbini, in what is now Nepal, is the birthplace of Gautama Buddha. The others are in India: Bodh Gaya was the place, under the pipal or Bo tree, where the Buddha was enlightened after practising meditation for several years. Sarnath was the scene of His first teaching and Kusinara was the place of His death or final Nirvana.

After the death of the Buddha, the relics of His body were collected from the funeral pyre and divided into eight parts. These were distributed to the claimants and stupas, or burial mounds, were erected on the relics. The practice of pilgrimage in Buddhism probably started with visits to these places, the purpose of which was to achieve personal advantage such as rebirth in a good location, as well as to honour the great master. Thus the custom of pilgrimage has been widespread among Buddhist for many centuries and is common to both the Mahayana and Theravada traditions.
http://www.buddhanet.net/e-learning/buddhistworld/about-pilgrim.htm

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Painting of a Nirvana Scene, nehanzu　涅槃図

Some famous temples have a painting of this scene, with the disciples gathered around weeping, animals and all in pain and mourning the passing away.

Painting by Myoson 仏涅槃図_命尊筆




CLICK for enlargement !
英一蝶 Hayabusa Itcho



. . . CLICK here for the full scene !
Painting from The Boston Museum

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The above painting is from Hooryuu-Ji (Horyuji)
法隆寺の涅槃図
http://www.horyuji.or.jp/nehane.htm

. Nehanzu Haiku from Temple Horyu-Ji 　

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Nyanzu にゃハンズ Nyan - I am a cat !

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Nehan-e Ceremony at Koofuku-Ji Temple in Kyoto
興福寺の涅槃会

At Koofuku-Ji the Nirvana Sutra (Nehan Kyoo) is held in high esteem since the Nara period around 750. The Nirvana Ceremony (Nehan-e) is celebrated here since 860. At this temple the ceremony is also called Jooraku-e 常楽会, another kigo for spring.
The ceremony starts at 10 in the morning, sutras are chanted, sacred music performed and sweet ricewine (amasake) is offered to the people.
http://www.kohfukuji.com/kohfukuji/03_tmpe/ma_sc03.html

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Temple Sennyuu-Ji, Kyoto 泉涌寺

The Nirvana painting on paper at this temple 大涅槃図 is one of the largest in Japan, 8 m wide and 16 meters long. It weighs 400 kg. It was painted by 明誉古上人 during the middle Edo period.
The ceremony is held on March 15, but the famous painting is shown to visitors from the 14th to the 16th.
Click on 　スタート　 to get a slide show of important cultural properties of this temple.
http://www.mitera.org/HTML/GALLERY/INDEX%7E1.HTM

http://www.mitera.org/
http://homepage2.nifty.com/cub/niwa/sennyuji.htm

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Old Woman as Parody of Death of Buddha
Kuniyoshi Utagawa Kuniyoshi

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Offering Rice Dumplings from the New Year offerings
mochibana-iri 餅花煎

The rice dumplings (mochi) that are left over from the New Year offerings are quite hard. They are cut and slightly barbequed (iru 煎る）to be offered to the Buddha and later eaten by the people.

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Worldwide use

Nehan Statue in Ruan Pabang, Laos


http://guide.travel.goo.ne.jp/e/goo/traveler/nmyumyu/album/10022527/

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Things found on the way

Saijiki, monthly events in Kyoto
(Japanese only)
http://www.kotobuki-p.co.jp/kankou/3.htm

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HAIKU

涅槃会や皺手合する数珠の音
Nehan-e ya shiwade awasuru juzu no oto

Nehan Ceremony -
wrinkled hands in prayer and
the sound of rosary beads
Tr. Gabi Greve
. Rosary beads (juzu 念珠、数珠, 誦数) .

Buddha's Nirvana Day —
wrinkled hands together,
the sound of the rosaries
Tr. ?haikupedia

Matsuo Basho, 1694
shortly before his death

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source :　yamabuki517
Priests passing the "Fence of the Gods" to the inner shrine.

神垣やおもひもかけず涅槃像
kamigaki ya omoi mo kakezu Nehanzoo

within the fence of the shrine -
what a surprise to find
(a statue of) Buddha lying down to die

Written at
. Ise shrine 伊勢神宮 Ise Jingu . 　
During this time, the distinction between Buddhist temple and Shinto shrine was not so distinct and many religious places housed both.

This hokku was written on the 15th day of the second lunar month, the ceremony for the Nehan Buddha.

kamigaki 神垣 fence of a shrine, "Fence of the Gods"
. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - Archives of the WKD .

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- - - - - Kobayashi Issa - - - - -

相伴に我らもごろり涅槃哉
shooban ni warera mo gorori nehan kana

let us also lie down
and recline like Buddha -
Nirvana Ceremony
Tr. Gabi Greve

. . . . .

死花をぱっと咲せる仏哉
shini hana wa patto sakaseru hotoke kana

dead flowers suddenly
are made to bloom ...
The Buddha!

This haiku refers (obscurely) to the Second Month, 15th Day festival of Buddha's Death Day, commemorating Gautama Buddha's entrance into nirvana (i.e., his death).
Tr. and Comment: David Lanoue

. . . . .

juzu kakete yamabato narabu nehan kana

doves with prayer beads
in line waiting for
nirvana
Tr. Chris Drake

. Comment by Chris Drake .

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涅槃図の貝いかにして来たりけむ
nehanzu no kai ika ni shite kitari kemu

the shell on the Nehanzu -
I wonder how it came
to be there ?

Ozawa Minoru 小澤實 (1956 - )

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人体に蝶のあつまる涅槃かな

on the human body
butterflies are assembling -
Nirvana Festival

Kakimoto 柿本多映
http://www.haiku-data.jp/kigo_work_list.php?kigo_cd=271

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at 一畑山薬師寺 Temple Yakushi-Ji, Aichi, Okasaki town

涅槃図をあふるる月のひかりかな　
nehanzu o afururu tsuki no hikari kana

suffused in moonlight ––
image of the Buddha
entering Nirvana　
Tr. Abigail Freeman

. Kuroda Momoko 黒田杏子 . 　　

The cut marker KANA is at the end of line 3.

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山の湯のなみなみとある寝釈迦かな

the hot water from the well
is pooring out steadily -
Nirvana Ceremony

桂信子
http://www.haiku-data.jp/kigo_work_list.php?kigo_cd=271

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涅槃会の仏の足の方へ寄る

Nirvana Ceremony -
people are assembling
at the feet of the Buddha

森田智子
http://www.haiku-data.jp/kigo_work_list.php?kigo_cd=271

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涅槃 Nehan

涅槃像あかき表具も目にたゝず　　沾圃
山寺や猫守り居るねはむ像　　不撤
貧福のまことをしるや涅槃像　　山蜂


ねはん会や皺手合る珠数の音　　
Nehan-e ya shiwa-de awaseru juzu no oto

Nehan Ceremony-
wrinkled hands in prayer and
the sound of rosary beads

Matsuo Basho 芭蕉
http://www.j-texts.com/kinsei/h7buah.html

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Nirvana Temple
the meditating pilgrims
and your eyes

paying respects
in the holy temples
teaching silence

Geert Verbeke

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nirvana ceremony ~
a butterfly buddha flutters
among human buddhas

reclining Buddha ~
a little fly settles on
his closed eye

nirvana ceremony ~
the maitreya buddha
watches his children

Narayanan Raghunathan
India, September 2009

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Related words

***** West Wind on the Day of the Nirvana Ceremony,
nehan nishi 涅槃西風

オムレツの腰がきまらぬ涅槃西風
坂本敏子

涅槃西風ねむりいろなる珊瑚彫る
井沢唯夫
http://www.haiku-data.jp/kigo_list.php?season_cd=1

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Reference:
WKD
Saijiki for Buddhist Ceremonies

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Wakare - Parting with friends
. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - Archives of the WKD .

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Nightingale (uguisu)

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Nightingale, bush warbler (uguisu)

***** Location: Japan
***** Season: Various, see below
***** Category: Animal

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Explanation

The latin name Cettia diphone refers to the bush warbler.
The latin name Luscinia megarhynchos refers to the nightingale of Japanese poetry.



Its sound is heared as hooo hokekyoo .

Hokekyo is the name of the famous Lotus Sutra ホケキョウ（法華経).

. Sutras お経　o-kyoo　 . 　　

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quote

If not for the call
of the bush warbler coming
out of the valley,
who then would be aware of
the arrival of springtime?

Original by Ôe no Chisato, nephew of Ariwara no Narihira and another poet who flourished from the 890s to around 920 but whose birth and death dates are unknown. He has 10 poems in the Kokinshu.

鴬（うぐいす）の谷より出づる声なくは
春来ることを誰か知らまし

uguisu no tani yori izuru koe naku wa
haru kuru koto o tare ka shiramashi

The Kokin Wakashū (古今和歌集), literally meaning
"Collected Japanese Poems of Ancient and Modern Times",
and commonly abbreviated as Kokinshū (古今集), is an early anthology of the waka form of Japanese poetry.
... it was the first anthology to divide itself into seasonal and love poems. The primacy of poems about the seasons pioneered by the Kokinshū continues even today in the haiku tradition.
Kokin Wakashu
©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !


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kigo for spring

nightingale, ugusiu うぐいす、鶯
first nightingale, hatsu uguisu 初鶯
first call of the nightingale, uguisu no hatsune 鶯の初音
"nightingale flute", uguisu bue 鴬笛（うぐいすぶえ）
..... todome dori 禁鳥（とどめどり）

fragrant bird, nioidori 匂鳥

nightingales crossing the valley, uguisu no tani watari
鶯の谷渡り（うぐいすのたにわたり）

"telling us of spring", haru tsugedori 春告鳥
nightingale in a cage, kai ugusiu　飼鶯

"bird that sings at the flower-viewing season", hahami dori "花見鳥"

"bird that recites the sutras", kyooyomi dori 経読鳥
the sound reminds the Japanese of the name of the sutra "Hokkekyo".

"bird that recites poetry", utayomi dori
歌詠鳥（うたよみどり）

"Yellow powder bird", kinako dori 黄粉鳥（きなこどり）
kinako is the yellow powder of soybeans, eaten as a delicacy.
"yellow bird", kichoo 黄鳥（きちょう)


nest of the nightingale, uguisu no su
鶯の巣（うぐいすのす）


.................................................. ceremony in spring

Ritual nightingale singing competition,
uguisu awase 鶯合 (うぐいすあわせ)
"singing contest", naki awase 鳴合（なきあわせ）,啼合（なきあわせ）


© PHOTO : commons.wikimedia.org


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kigo for summer

summer bush warbler, natsu uguisu 夏鶯
late nightingale, zanoo 残鶯
..... ranoo 乱鶯

"old nightingale", old bush warbler, oi uguisu 老鶯
..... roo oo 老鶯

the nightingale cries of old age,
..... uguisu oi o naku 鶯老を鳴

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kigo for winter

nightingale in winter, fuyu no uguisu
冬の鶯 (ふゆのうぐいす)
fuyu uguisu 冬鶯（ふゆうぐいす）
nightingale in the cold, kan ou 寒鶯（かんおう）
nightingale in the underbrush, yabu uguisu 藪鶯（やぶうぐいす）

sasanaki 笹鳴 (ささなき)
konaki 小鳴（こなき）


笹鳴も手持ぶさたの垣根哉
sasa naki mo temochi-busata no kakine kana

birdsong in bamboo grass--
too shy
for the fence

Kobayashi Issa　小林一茶

Kaki can be translated as "fence" or "hedge." The bird is young, hiding in the bamboo grass of winter, not at all ready for its spring solo on the fence/hedge. Shinji Ogawa notes that sasa naki ("birdsong in bamboo grass") has a special meaning in Japanese:
"In winter, the birdsong, especially that of a warbler, is not fully developed due to the low sex-drive. The fragmented birdsong in winter is called sasa-naki and has nothing to do with bamboo grass. Knowing this, Issa plays with the literal meaning of the word, sasa-naki, to juxtapose it to singing on the fence."
Tr. and Comment : David Lanoue

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sasanaki mo temochi-busata no kakine kana

by this hedge
young bush warblers, too
unsure and awkward

Tr. and Comment : Chris Drake

This hokku is part of a haibun travelog Issa wrote when he made a trip to Sawara in what is now called Chiba Prefecture, just northeast of Edo in the 10th month of 1810. He made the trip to pray at the grave of the haikai poet Kassai (葛斎, Imaizumi Tsunemaru) who had recently died, and after praying at the grave he visited Kassai's house with one of Kassai's followers, Enao. It was in early lunar winter (the middle of November), and the leaves on the trees planted by Kassai were brightly colored. The trees in the hedge are implied to have been planted by Kassai and to represent him now that he himself is gone. Kassai's widow, also a haijin, had tears in her eyes -- surely because of her husband's death, though she elegantly explained to Issa that it was because birds greatly loved by the Buddha had visited their house again this year.
[The widow is obviously referring to the bush warblers and probably to the fact that one of the main calls of bush warblers sounds in Japanese like "Lo-, Lotus Sutra! Lo-, Lotus Sutra!" At the same time, she is also saying that her husband, now a dead soul or a "Buddha," loved bush warblers and is the cause of her tears.]

The birds near the hedge were still young bush warblers (uguisu no ko) who were flying around here and there, making only small cheeping sounds. To Issa the young bush warblers, who still haven't developed strong voices or wings, seem awkward and unsure of themselves as they fly around and around, looking for food. By adding "too" (mo), Issa indicates to the widow that he has understood her allegory about her grief and her husband's love of warblers, that is, his wife. In response Issa extends her image by suggesting that there is truly someone (to whom he's now talking) near the hedge (planted by Kassai) who is also bit lost and doesn't know what to do. This is surely Issa's way of expressing his respect and sympathy for Kassai's wife and her tears. At the same time, Issa seems to thank the widow for knowing very well how to share her feelings with him. The indirectness of the dialog deepens its feeling.

Issa's haibun also gives the hokku made by the widow, Motojo (もと女), in reply to Issa's hokku:

shigururu ya aruji ga itara hatsu-shigure

cold rain --
if he were with us
the first winter showers

The abstract reference to her husband by Motojo shows love and respect in Japanese and is not simply an abstract euphemism, as it appears to be when translated literally. (She is the "female owner" and her husband was the "male owner.") Motojo seems to be suggesting that if her husband were still there with them the cold showers that have been coming and going on this day would be much more than mere physical rain -- a simple statement that says a lot.

Later Issa and four other haijin friends and followers of Kassai composed a 36-verse kasen sequence for Kassai's soul. In this kasen, a hokku by Kassai (referred to as a "Buddha") was used as the hokku, and Issa began with the second verse, or wakiku.


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Flower Trump Hanafuda


http://members.at.infoseek.co.jp/stone2/hanafuda12-1.html

Plum and Nightingale, Ume ni Uguisu 梅に鶯

Read my details here !

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Here is the famous story to shed light on the temperament of the three most famous warlords in Japanese history:
When confronted with a nightingale in a cage, which would not sing, each had his own approach to this situation.

Nobunaga
If the bird does not sing, kill it!

Hideyoshi
If the bird does not sing, I will make it sing!

Ieyasu
If the bird does not sing, I will wait until it sings!

Read my details here !

The BIRD, by the way, often translated as "Nightingale", was in fact ..... hototogisu, the little cuckoo ... .

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Worldwide use

Nachtigall


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Things found on the way

"Nightingale Flooring"
A special way to place wooden planks for a veranda or around the room of an important person during the Edo period, to avoid the penetrance of murderers or thieves into a room. The floor planks would squeak (sing) when a person stepped on it. The most famous example is in the Nijo Castle in Kyoto.
The sound when walking on it is different from that heard in normal houses, because the floor was laid out in a different way. It was suspended with iron clamps above a frame, so it could move up and down over the fixing nails when somebody walked upon it. This caused the nails to rub against the wooden planks and create a sound similar to the chirping of the nightingale.

nightingale flooring, uguisubari (鴬張り)

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uguisu no fun 鶯の糞 uguisu poo

Uguisu no Fun : Nightingale Droppings
Traditional Japanese Beauty Secrets
by Naomi Graham (Diaz)



Now, during the course of my researching of geiko and maiko – I’ve come across numerous mentions of Uguisu no Fun, or, for those who really wish to be in the know, Nightingale Droppings (Uguisu no Fun sounds better, right?). I’ve always (secretly) wondered whether it worked or not.

Uguisu no Fun even has a special mention in one of my books
“The Japanese Way of Beauty” by Michelle Dominique Leigh, which contains the recipe and full instructions for use, along with a very special note at the end of the recipe mentioning it had been included in the book as it is one of the most respected traditional Japanese recipes. I’d be lying if I said I didn’t find the tradition intriguing.

I very carefully read the directions for use, as I certainly didn’t intend on any accidents due to misuse and according to the instructions, you are mix ½ teaspoon of the dried Uguisu no Fun with a few drops of warm water in the palm of your hand to form a paste. You then massage the paste into your skin using small circular motions – keeping well clear away from your eyes. So, I did just that - I put ½ teaspoon of the powder in my palm, mixed it with water, took a deep breath, and to the sounds of the “eeeeeeeeeeeewwwwwwwwww!” coming from the direction of my partner, I started massaging Uguisu no Fun into my face in small circular motions with a hint of a small, nervous smile of disbelief that I was even doing this in the first place.

Once the water is added to Uguisu no Fun – the musky smell became much stronger and I realized the instructions should have mentioned staying as far away from the nostrils as well as the eye area just to be on the safe side. “In the name of research” I chanted silently to myself as I massaged. Once I was done, I stared at myself in the mirror. Wow. There I was staring back with a very organic mask on my face. All of a sudden, I felt terribly empowered and the childish, playground taunts from my partner faded into the background when the realization of how brave I was hit me.

- - - - - Read the full story here :
immortalgeisha.com © 2001-2006 by Naomi Graham (Diaz)

. Recycling and Reuse in Edo - リサイクル と　再生　/ 再使用 .

tori no fun kai 鳥の糞買い buying "bird droppings"
to make Uguisu no Fun.

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HAIKU

uguisu haiku by
. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - Archives of the WKD .


鶯や餅に糞する縁の先
uguisu ya mochi ni fun suru en no saki

this damned warbler !
it left his droppings on the ricecakes
on the veranda

More translations and
Read my details here ! Tr. Gabi Greve





鶯や 柳のうしろ 薮の前
uguisu ya yanagi no ushiro yabu no mae

this bush warbler !
behind the willows
in front of the thicket


source :　kikyou0123

. Haiku Sweets (haika 俳菓) .


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Issa has written quite a lot of haiku about this bird !

鶯も上鶯の垣根かな
uguisu mo jô uguisu no kakine kana

even among nightingales
royalty
on the fence


鶯のはねかへさるるつるべ哉
uguisu no hanekaesaruru tsurube kana

the nightingale
is bouncing about...
well bucket


鶯もとしのよらぬや山の酒
uguisu mo toshi no yoranu ya yama no sake

the nightingale, too
isn't growing old!
mountain sake

Tr. David Lanoue, read more haiku here !

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老鶯の　手引かまほし　ホトトギス

guide the old bushwarbler
with your hands, please,
young cuckoos

- Shared by Naotaka Uematsu -
Haiku Culture Magazine, 2013


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Related words

***** Flower viewing season, hanami

***** Saijiki of Japanese Ceremonies and Festivals


. THE BIRD SAIJIKI 　


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New Year Tea

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New Year's Tea, Good Luck Tea (fukucha)

***** Location: Japan
***** Season: New Year
***** Category: Humanity

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Explanation

This is a speciality of the New Year in Japan. Other readings are

Good Health (Luck) Tea, fukucha　福茶
..... oobuku, oofuku　大服
..... oofukucha, oobukucha　大福茶 , 皇服茶
..... ofukucha　御福茶

In the early morning of the New Year, before even eating the New Year soup (zooni), a tea was prepared with the first water scooped of the year "young water" (wakamizu 若水). With plenty of tea leaves there were pickled salted plums (umeboshi) and seaweed (musubi konbu), sometimes even some mountain pepper (sanshoo) in the brew.

It was drank with the prayer and wish to stay healthy for the rest of the year by all family members and later in the day served to all visitors.

This custom dates back to the day of emperor Murakami 村上天皇, when an epidemic raged in the town of Kyoto. Saint Kuya of the temple Rokuharamitsu had a sacred dream to offer some of this tea to main deity, Kannon Bosatsu and thus cured all people.

The tea was named oofuku 王服、皇服 and from that day onwards prepared every year. Since the Muromachi period, plums, seaweed and mountain pepper were added. 　It is served at the temple Rokuharamitsu during the New Year visit (hatsu moode).

Salted plums (umeboshi　梅干) promise a long life.
Mountain pepper (sanshoo　山椒)lets people walk easily in the mountains.
Seaweed (musubi konbu　結び昆布) was a play with words meaning "tie together in harmony".

This had all the meaning of good great big luck, daifuku　大福.

In other areas of Japan, they add sugar or radish or dried persimmones.

In some areas, it is drunk also on the seventh and 15th day of January.
It is also of course a special event for the Tea Ceremony, where three different kinds of sweets are prepared too.

In some areas of Japan, this tea is served for the Setsubun ceremonies in February (see below for Setsubun, the Seasonal Divide).

Gabi Greve

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Read about Kuya Shonin, by Gabi Greve 空也上人
kuuya shoonin
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Tea with a talisman of Kannon Bosatsu

http://www.rakutabi.com/memory/memory9/memory9.html


Tea sold for the New Year

http://www.meisetudo.com/oofukucha.html


A modern version, prepared with black beans and sold with the symbol of the Lucky Beckoning Cat (maneki neko)

http://www.calpis.co.jp/corporate/press/nr_00088.html


... ... ... ... ... ...

Tea Ceremony in memory of Daruma
at Temple Dairyuu-Ji
Temple Dairyu-Ji Ceremony


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Worldwide use


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Things found on the way

Japanese LINK to New Year Haiku
http://www13.ocn.ne.jp/~kate/kigo_shinnen.html


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HAIKU

Three haiku by Issa　一茶と福茶

お袋の福茶をくめる指南哉
o-fukuro no fukucha wo kumeru shinan kana

how to ladel lucky tea
from its pouch...
a lesson

(Tr. David Lanoue)
Read about the translation of "o-fukuro" .


福豆も福茶も只の一人哉
fuku mame mo fukucha mo tada no hitori kana

lucky beans
and lucky tea
just for me alone



正月のくせに成ったる福茶哉
shôgatsu no kuse ni nattaru fukucha kana

the first month
is as it should be now...
lucky tea

Translated by David Lanoue

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合掌をしてお福茶をいただきぬ　　
gasshoo o shite ofukucha o itadakinu

folding my hands in prayer -
and then partake of
the New Year Tea
(Tr. Gabi Greve)　　

宮本　静代 Miyamoto Shizuyo
http://www13.ocn.ne.jp/~kate/kigo_shinnen.html

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Related words

***** The New Year and its KIGO

***** Setsubun 節分


*********** WINTER FOOD SAIJIKI

*********** NEW YEAR FOOD SAIJIKI


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http://worldkigodatabase.blogspot.com/

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