Wind in various kigo (kaze)

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Wind (kaze, Japan)


***** Location: Japan, worldwide
***** Season: many seasons, see below


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Explanation

The God of Wind, Fuujin 風神

http://www.emuseum.jp/cgi/pkihon.cgi?SyoID=2&ID=w307&SubID=s000



WIND just like that (kaze 風 )
is not a kigo in Japan but a nonseasonal topic.
The same holds for the word STORM.

But since the wind is a constant partner throughout the year, there are many detailed phenomenon used as kigo for it.

Let us go through the seasons.


Read about the Japanese Gods of the Elements, including the God of Wind
by Gabi Greve
http://www.geocities.com/gabigreve2000/godsofelements.html

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spring wind -
the mind just soars and soars
and soars

© Photo and Haiku by Gabi Greve
http://happyhaiku.blogspot.com/2005/04/wind.html


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Spring

spring breeze (harukaze 春風、haru no kaze 春の風)
The reading of "shunpuu しゅんぷう" is not frequent in haiku.
This is a soft and gentle wind on a sunny day. spring wind sounds too general as a translation, since in could be a strong wind, a soft wind or any other kind.

Spring Breeze, more haiku


first strong south wind in Spring, haru ichiban　春一番
this is followed by second, third and fourth South wind
..... haru niban 春二番, haru sanban　春三番, haru yonban　春四番
This is usually quite a strong storm or gusty wind on the coast of the East side of Japan, toward the end of February. After haru ichiban, we know that spring is coming.

East wind (kochi 東風)
strong East wind (tsuyogochi　強東風)
morning East wind (asagochi　朝東風)
evening East wind (yuugochi　夕東風)
real East wind, magochi　正東風
larks East wind, hibarigochi　雲雀東風
plum blossoms and East wind, umegochi 梅東風
cherry blossom and East wind, sakuragochi 桜東風

shell-drawing wind (kaiyose 貝寄風,貝寄) west wind of late March or early April
On February 22 of the lunar calendar, there was a festival at the temple Tenoo-Ji in Osaka. People used to collect shells which the wind had brought to the shores and use them as an offering to the gods. It is usually a western seasonal wind and rather strong.

Nirvana West wind (nehan nishi 涅槃西風)
Higan West wind (higan nishi　彼岸西風)
West wind during the Nirvana festival (Nehan-e, March 15) or spring equinox.

wind up a mountain, Hira hakkoo　比良八荒
..... hakkoo no are 八講の荒れ
Usually the wind comes down from the mountain peak (oroshi　降ろし）, but sometimes in spring the situations is just the opposite. This is a rather strong western wind, most frequent in March at Lake Biwa.
Hira is a famous mountain range there and the downwind is called "Hira oroshi".

http://koayu.eri.co.jp/Biwadas/wd010324.htm


breeze during snow melt (yukige kaze 雪解風)

breeze on the tree buds (ko no me kaze 木の芽風)
There are some other nice kigo with the tree buds, like "ko no me doki" time of the tree buds.

shining spring wind, kaze hikaru　風光る
On a fine sunny spring day, when nature is gently swaying in the breeze.

strong spring wind, haru hayate 春疾風
spring storm, haru are 春荒
..... haru arashi 春嵐

North wind in Spring, haru kita　春北風
..... kurogeta くろげた
Usually in March, when the winter weather patterns begin to change, but come back once more to a cold breeze. Especially feared at the coastline of the Japanese Sea. In Tamba the fishermen call it kurogeta and are afraid to go out on sea, because the boats frequently fall pray to the wind.

gentle south wind on the cherry blossoms, sakuramaji　桜まじ
maji is a gentle Spring wind, usually in Kyushu.

"oily south wind", aburamaji 油まじ
..... abura kaze　油風, aburamaze 油まぜ
Southern wind in the areas of Tookai, Kinki, Chuugoku and the Seto Inland sea. IT is a gentle wind and makes the sea look like oil had been poored on it.



.. .. .. Wind in other spring words



toy balloon, "wind ship" （fuusen　風船)
traditionally made of paper (kami fuusen 紙風船)
lately of rubber (gomu fuusen ゴム風船).
seller of balloons, fuusen uri 風船売（ふうせんうり）
baloon, Luftballon.

This does not include the
hot air balloon (バルーン baruun, 気球 kikyuu).
They are a TOPIC.



windwheel (kazaguruma 風車)

http://www.chikuen.com/japanese/category2.html

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Summer

summer wind （natsukaze 夏風）
south wind (nanpuu, minami 南風 hae はえ)
..... White southern wind（shirahae) 白南風 しらはえ
cool breeze, refreshing breeze （ryoofuu, suzukaze 涼風)
fragrant breeze, balmy breeze, scented breeze (kunpuu　薫風、kaze kaoru　風薫)
this is best not translated as, for example, scented WIND.

breeze on green rice paddies (aota kaze 青田風)
The breeze that wafts across the field is called aota kaze (青田風[あおたかぜ]); the wave of paddy created by the wind is aota nami (青田波 [あおたなみ]); the time is aota doki (青田時[あおたどき]); and the path that cuts across the field is aota michi (青田道[あおたみち]).

breeze of a waterfall (takikaze 滝風)

wind on young leaves (wakabakaze 若葉風)

summer storm, "Green Tempest" (natsu arashi 夏嵐,ao-arashi 青嵐)

thunderstorm, "thunder and rain" (raiu, rai-u　雷雨)
The etymology is traced to the native Japanese word "the roar of the gods" (神鳴 [かみなり] kaminari). The Chinese character "god"（神 [かみ] kami）signified both thunder and thunder god. On the link mentioned above you can also see the "God of Thunder", carrying his drums to make the sound.


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wind is dying, kaze shisu 風死す
when the wind is dying down in the early afternoon on a hot summer day and you feel the heat especially hot

風暴れやがて風死す漁村かな
kaze abare yagate kaze shisu ya gyoson kana

stormy wind
changing to dying wind -
a fishing village

http://www.nhk.or.jp/haiku/html/haiku15-6-14.htm


風死すや能登塩田の筋目引く
kaze shisu ya Noto enden no sujime hiku

wind dying down -
drawing straight lines in
the salt fields of Noto

www.acc-n.com/haikutaikai3.htm

Tr. Gabi Greve
The Salt Fields of Japan

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Monsoon ..(India, South Asia) is also connected with the seasonal changes of the wind.


.. .. .. wind in other summer words

airing out （kaze-ire 風入)

ventilator, electrical fan （senpuuki 扇風機)

Wind Chimes (fuurin 風鈴）

Canterbury bells, lit. Wind Chime Flowers (fuurinsoo　風鈴草)
Campanula medium

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Autumn

autumn breeze, autumn wind, wind of autumn
(akikaze, shuufuu, aki no kaze 秋風)
carries with it the sound of rustling leaves
This wind is associated with the color WHITE. "The wind of autumn has no color (iro naki kaze)" is an old saying, therefore it is white.

Read more about this color by clicking on the following haiku:


ishiyama no ishi yori shiroshi aki no kaze

autumn wind
whiter than the white cliffs
of this mountain

Matsuo Basho
Tr. Gabi Greve



first Autumn storm, hatsu arashi 初嵐
(early autumn)
Usually from end of autust till mid-september, but not as strong a storm as a real typhoon of the autumn season. It is followed by the nowaki, see below.

Typhoon (Japan) Hurricane
oshiana おしあな
typhoon-like wind from south-east.


wild autumn flowers in the wind (hananokaze 花野風)
This refers to fields bright with blossoms of autumn flowers. As the season reaches its peak, a wide variety of wild plants flowers or ripens into seed, to be tossed in the autumn winds. Broad expanses of fields at the feet of mountains may turn bright with color when the autumn flowers are in bloom. Wildflowers have a distinctive beauty unlike that of cultivated flowers -- and a slightly desolate quality that appears when they are briefly at their peak and about to fall. The seasonal word hanano, associated with autumn, was already in use by medieval waka and linked verse poets. It has long been a favorite of haikai poets, as well.

voice of autumn　(aki no koe　秋の声, shuusei 秋声)
"sound of autumn" (aki no oto　秋の音)
particularly at night: wind in trees, plants; patter of leaves, rain; insect cries; and so on
"feeling autumn" (shuuki （秋気).

"voice of the reeds", wind in the reeds, ogi no koe 荻の声
(early autumn)


storm, equinoctial storm "Field Divider" (nowaki 野分, nowake　野分け)
(mid-autumn)
apparently an old name for "typhoon", in haikai understood to emphasize the wind, as opposed to typhoons in which rain is most prominent.
The simple translation "windstorm" for this one seems problematic, after all, any storm is a windstorm.

taro-storm , taro-tempest (imo-arashi 芋嵐)
(mid-autumn)
wind strong enough to batter the leaves of a taro plant


mountain wind in the Seto Inland Sea area
yamaze　やまぜ, yamaji　やまじ
It blows from the mountains down to the flat costal areas.


"wind at the end of O-Bon", okuri maze 送りまぜ、送南風
South wind at the end of the O-Bon festival, according to the Lunar Calendar.
... Southern Wind, maji　南風
In Central Japan, this was the wind along the coast that would send the old sailing ships on their way toward the North, for trade with Hokkaido.


Northern Wind, "great western wind" takanishi　高西風
Wind from Northwest, especially in Kyushu and the Sanin Region of Western Japan.
It blows when it is time for harvesting the rice fields, and was therefore also called
"blowing away the chafs" momi otoshi 籾落とし

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Winter

winter wind, fuyu no kaze 冬の風 (ふゆのかぜ)
..... fuuyukaze 冬風（ふゆかぜ）
cold wind, kanpuu 寒風（かんぷう）
wind makes it cold, kaze sayuru 風冴ゆる（かぜさゆる）
wind makes it freezing, itekaze 凍て風（いてかぜ）



dry wind, sorakaze 空風 (からかぜ)
karakkaze 空っ風（からっかぜ）
anaji 乾風 (あなじ)
..... anaze あなぜ、anashiあなし
dry cold wind from Siberia, blowing into Western Japan


Strong Sibirian winds blowing into Northern Japan along the Sea of Japan coast,
tamakaze たま風 (たまかぜ)
tabakaze たば風（たばかぜ）

strong wind in the bay of Tokyo, bettoo べっとう


Withering Wind kogarashi, Cold Gales. Early Winter.




north wind, kita 北風　（きた）
..... kita kaze 北風（きたかぜ）
hokufuu北風（ほくふう）、sakufuu 朔風（さくふう
saku means north
..... narai ならい , 北風（ならい）
northwind blowing, kita saku 北吹く（きたふく）
strong northern wind, oogita 大北風（おおぎた）
northwind in the morning, asagita 朝北風（あさぎた）



north wind coming down the mountains, kita oroshi
北颪 きたおろし
..... kitaoroshi 北下し（きたおろし）
..... kita shibuki 北しぶき (きたしぶき)

Some mountains are especially famous for its cold winds:
cold wind down from Mt. Asama, Asama oroshi
cold wind down from Mt. Akagi, Akagi oroshi
cold wind down from Mt. Ibuki, Ibuki oroshi
cold wind down from Mt. Hieizan, Hiei oroshi
cold wind down from Mt. Rokko, Rokko oroshi



snowstorm "wind and snow" (fuusetsu　風雪)

"wind flowers" snowflakes (kazahana 風花)


© Photo Gabi Greve
http://happyhaiku.blogspot.com/2005/04/sunbeam-for-us-all.html

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wind is crying, kaze ga naku　風が泣く
wind caught in the fences and hedges, like a flute, mogaribue 虎落笛　（もがりぶえ)


wind through the small apertures of a building,
sukimakaze 隙間風　（すきまかぜ）
himamoru kaze ひま洩る風　（ひまもるかぜ）
hima, here means sukima.



cut of the skin by a cold sucking wind,
"sickle weasel", kamaitachi 鎌鼬 (かまいたち)
kamakaze 鎌風（かまかぜ）
itachi is a weasel, people thought of this like the bite of a weasel.
WKD : Weasel : A sword named "Sickle-Weasel".


hoshi no irigochi 星の入東風 (ほしのいりごち)
early winter


"Gods are leaving" kami watashi 神渡し (かみわたし)
kami tatsu kaze 神立風（かみたつかぜ）
According to the old lunar calendar in Novemer, when the deities of Japan, who gathered in Izumo, take leave and go back to their local areas.
There is usually a strong wind in the Izumo area.


sechigochi 節東風 (せちごち)
late winter
yooka buki 八日吹き (ようかぶき)
shiwasu yookabuki 師走八日吹き（しわすようかぶき）



Strong wind on the Kobo Daishi Day, daishi koo buki
大師講吹き
According to the old lunar calendar in November. Day of Kobo Daishi is the 21 of each month.
WKD : Kobo Daishi Kukai


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Worldwide use

Europa
Storm, Gale in Europe Sturm


Kenya
November wind


List of Local Winds
http://mediatheek.thinkquest.nl/~ll118/en/development/types.list.html

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Things found on the way

There is a famous haiku by Matsuo Basho about the white wind of autumn.

ishiyama no ishi yori shiroshi aki no kaze
石山の石より白し秋の風

whiter than the white stones
of Ishiyama mountain <>
autumn wind

(Tr. Gabi Greve)


According to the Erh Ya, one of the earliest Chinese dictionaries,　green is the color of spring, red is the color of summer, white is the color of autumn, and black is the color of winter. The spirit of　autumn is clear and white. Thus, the autumn wind is characterized as　a white wind that is the message of this poem.

Read more about this haiku of Basho here:
Stone Mountain, Ishiyama

... The Color WHITE in Haiku

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HAIKU

春風や　堤長うして　家遠し
harukaze ya dote nagoo-shite ie tooshi

spring breeze -
the river bank so long and
my home so far
(Tr. Gabi Greve)

Yosa Buson

Read more about this famous haiku and its translations here.

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kaze no oto
takeyabu ni kaze
matsu ni kaze

The sound of wind
Wind in the bamboo grove
Wind in the pines

Read a special essay about "The sound of wind" kaze no oto
by Gabi Greve
http://happyhaiku.blogspot.com/2005/04/quietude-and-ant.html

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© 2005, M. Shanna Moore, Hawaii

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wind -- amidst
new oak leaves,
your goodbye

Ella W.

(the new oak leaves place this as a spring haiku).



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Japanese reference
WKD: 風の民俗学


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http://worldkigodatabase.blogspot.com/

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